Apparatus for crushing material



Aug. 28, 1928. 1,682,511

A. J. HAUG APPARATUS FOR GRUSHING MATERIAL Filed 0612.15, 1924 38 35 3 45- 305' 3 .5

PlanteaE Aug. 2s, 192e.

UNITED STATES ANTON J'. HAUG, 0F NABHUA., NEW

APPARATUS CBUSmNG MATERIAL.

Application led October l5, 1924. Serial No. 743,825.

This invention relates more especially to 3, respectively. This'casing is supported for machines designed to be used in the paper industry to crush paper making materia s and to work them into'better condition for use in the aper making process.

Tlie invention alms especially to devise a machine for reducing comparatively coarse fibrousmaterials, articularly wood, to a finer state without grinding or transversely cutting 1o the fibres of such materials.

At the present time an important use for such machines is found in the paper industry in the working of the tailings rejected by pulp screens into vgood pulp. It is contemplated also that such machmes mayI be used to domuch of the workheretofore done by grinders. In the practical use of such machines in a millitfis yfrequently desirable to run materials of different-sizes, kinds and qualities through a ven machine and to, vary the crushing actlon in accordance with the nature of the materials and the results desired, some materials requiring working for a lon er period than others and la. greater a5 pressure ing desirable under some circumstances than others. Accordingly, it is an important object of this invention to devise a machine which can be adjusted for these v`ariations in conditions, preferably while the machine is in operation. 4

'lhe nature of the invention will be better understoodfrom the following description of a preferred embodiment of the inventlon, and the novel features will be more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of apparatus which may be employed to embody the invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same apparatus, showing outside view of the roll and bearings for roll;

Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of the inlet end ofl the ap aratus;

Fig. 4 is a lzagmentary transverse sectional elevation taken on line A-A in Fig. 2, looking toward the inlet of the` apparatus.

The constructionshown in the drawings comprises a casing 1, preferably of approximately the form of a hollow cylinder although it may also be conical or of other suitable shape. The op 'te ends of the cylinder are partly closed by annular shoulders 2 and rotative movement upon an inner roller 4 whlch prefcrabl has a ldiameter at least half as large as the internal diameter of the casing, and itis provided withjournals 5 and site ends i 6 mounted in bearings 7-7 at op of the machine, these bearings eing supported on bearing stands 9 which are mounted on a base 11.

The two rotating members 1 and 4 thus are mounted in suit-able relationship to crush ma.- terial between them, the roller revolving on a fixed axis whi le the casing can yield or move somewhat with reference-to it to accommodate t-he material being worked. Such material is subjected to the structural .weight of the casf ing and in the construction shown means is also provided forincreasing the pressure of the casing' on the roller. This means comprises a chain 13 running on a chain wheel v.or' sprocket Wheel 14 which surrounds the `are formed on the machine base 11. Weights 22 are adjustable on the lever 23 to vary the ressure with which the revolving casmg 1 ears on the roller 4. In order to drive the roller 4 its journal 6 is equipped with a pulley 23 which is ada lted to be driven from any suitable source o power. In many cases the rotary motion imparted to the casing by the roller 4 is suflicient for satisfactory operation. In other cases, however, it is preferable i to drive the casing as well as the roller. For` lthis purpose ringgears 324-32' are bolted to rings 33 and' 34, respectively, surrounding the casing near opposite-ends thereof. These ygears are driven by pinions 35-35 which are secured to a horizontal shaft 37 mounted in bearings 38-38 which are supported on arms 39-39 projecting from the bearing 'Stands 9 9- at the opposite ends of the machine frame. This shaft is equipped with av .erated by the hand wheel E to adjust the belt 4 on the shaft 37 between the gears BBandcollars 45, and similar rolls 44 are mounted-Giras` shaft 42 which is supported in bearings 41- 41 provided in arms 40-40 which project from the bearing stands 9 9. These guide rolls engage guide rings 33 and 34 fast on the casing 1 and prevent any substantial lateral movement of the casing.

The material to be crushed is fed into the casing through a feed spout 48 which is fastened to one of the bearing stands 9 by means of a foot 49. This material is discharged from the machine through an outlet chute 50 which is fastened by means of a foot 51 to the bearing stand 9 at the oppositepend of the machine. Preferabl this discharge chute 50 has one edge shapedy to scrape the material rorithe inner surface of the casing, the chute being bent to guide this material out of the casing and downwardly into any suitable receptacle.

Two 4stationary scraping bars 52 and 53 I -are mounted in the casing and preferably extend approximately through the casing, their left-hand ends, Fig. 2, being pivotally connected to the outlet chute at 54 and 55, respectively, while their opposite ends are slid'- ably mounted in slots 56 and 57, respectively, provided in webs 58-59 cast on or attached to the inlet chute 48. Both bars are inclined downwardly toward the outlet end oiv the casing and the bar 52 scrapes material from the inner surface of the casing 1, while the bar 53 scrapes such material from the roller 4. These bars serve not only to remove the 'material from the two crushing members 1 and 4, but also act, due to their inclination, to advance the material toward the outlet of the machine, this advancing action on any given unit of material occurring step by step as the material is brought into contact with' one bar or the other after each crushing action. By unscrewing the bolts 60 and 61 whichlsecure the right-hand ends of the bars to the inlet spout and slidin the same in their respective slots, the inclination of the bars maybe adjusted with the'result that the advancing movements imparted to the stock by them will be correspondingly increased or diminished.

The bar 53 is not always required for the successful operation of the machine, the necesslty for its use depending upon the kind of material handled and the speed with which tldworking parts of the machine are opera When the machine is in operation, the mal terials are fed through inlet 48 to the interior of casing 1, which is intended to be driven suiliciently rapidly-whether by fric- `roller upon which it is tional contact with positively driven roller 4 or by specially provided driving means as shown in the drawings-to develop centrifugal force, which will hold out against the casing'the materials delivered upon it, the revolution of said casing obvious y carrying the materials to the pinch between it and the suspended. Here, wheregthe two rolls (casing 1 and roller 4) meet in a-.relatively small circular angle, the materials are-\ pressed, crushed, or drawn out-not cut-and with an amount of pressure which may result entirely from the con-,

structional weight of the casing, or from any contrivance whereby said casing is weighted down or otherwise brought to bear with the desired pressure upon the sustaining roller 4.

After the materials have undergone a crushing action, they usually still adhere to the inner surface of the revolving casing, which, in the course of its revolution, next carries the materials against bar 52, which scrapes the said materials from that particular,Spot on the casing and advances them slightl len hwise of the same. They are again roug t up to the top of the machine, again subjected to a crushing action, and again scraped and advanced by the bar, the final scraping action of the bar occurring directly above the mouth of the materials-outet 50, into which the materials eventually all.

Should it be found that the materials discharged from the machine are excessively fine, the Acrushing pressure maybe diminished by sliding weights 22 inwardly along lever 23 and thereby decreasing the downward pull of casing 1 against roller 4. Such adjustment will cause the materials to be subjected to gentler crushing lactions, but to the same number thereof as before the adjustment was made. Or, if desired, the number of crushing actions received by the materials may be lessened through the agency of the adjustable bar 52, a greater axial inclination of which will hasten the passage of the materials through the machine. Where a finer ultimate product is desired, reverse adjustments to those described above are made, Vwith corresponding results, and in some cases, both the pressure of the casing upon the roller 4 and the axial inclination of the materialsadvancing bar are altered with benecial It should also beV noted that machines embodying the principles of this invention are valuable for use in mixing bleach with pulp or paper stock of a relatively heavy density, since it has been found that it is possible to accelerate the bleaching action by repeatedly pressing the pulp or stock charged with the bleaching liquor. The machine herein described and claimed accomplishes such repeated pressing actions in a simple, efficient manner. f

lll

While I have herein shown and described an embodiment of my invention which I prefer at present, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.

I claim:

1. A materials working machine having means to rotate the materials and separate materials-advancing means arranged in a descending longitudinal direction toward the outlet of the machine. i

2. In a materials workingA machine, a continuous member to advance the materials from inlet to outlet of the machine, said member being inclined slightly from a parallel with the axis yof the machine.

3. A materials working machine having a casing and a member at the outlet end of the casing to scrape the materials yfrom the said casing, and to discharge the same outsi de 4 the machine. .i

4. A materials working machine having a rotating drum, a roller within said drum and supportin the latter, and a member to remove pulp a hering to said roller.

5. A materials working machine having a rapidly revolving exterior casing, and means j to alter the pressure of said casing on the materials' without interrupting the operation of the machine.

6. In a materials working machine, means to subject the materials to repeated crushing actions, and means for adjusting both the number and pressure of said crushing actions without interfering with the operation of the machine.' c

7. A machine for working paper stock or similar material comprising a casing, a sup-y means to move the casing` toward said 'sup port without interfering with 'the operation of either one of said'drives.

9. In a materials working machine, the combination with a rotating casing,.of an internal roller adapted to support'said easing and to rotate therewith, and means .to increase or diminish the pressure of said casing a ainst said roller during the operation of bot 10. In a. machine for crushing paper making materials Vand the like, thecombination of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material bel tween them, and means for pressing the outer of said members toward the inner member,

said means beingr adjustable to vary the pressure so applied.

11. In a machine for crushing aper making materials and the like, the com ination of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between,

them, mechanism for supporting the inner of said members -for rotation on a fixed axis, and means for pressing the outer of said members toward the innerl member, said supported on the inner member', and means for adjusting the pressure of' one of said members against the other.

13. In a machine for crushing paper making materials'andv the like, the combination of two rotarycrushing members mounted one inside the other, the outer member being supported on the inner member, and means adjustable while said members revolve to vary the pressure of one member against the other.

14. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material 'between them, and mechanism including a lever for pressing one of said members toward the other, said mechanism being adjustable to vary thepressure so applied.

15. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combinationof two rotary members mounted one'lnside the other in position to crush material between them, one of said members conslstmg of a roller mounted to rotate on a fixed axis,

and the other consisting of a casing of substantially larger internal diameter than said roller and mounted to yield relatively to the roller, and. means for adjusting the pressure of saidcasing against said roller.

16. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination of a roller, bearing mechanism supporting said roller for rotation, a casing in which `said roller is mounted, said casing being supported on saidroller for rotation in contact therewith, a chain encircling said casing and revolving therewith, and a weighting mechanism for said casing operating through said chain.

17. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination f of a. roller, bea-ring mechanism supporting said roller forl rotation, a casing in which said roller is mounted, said casing being supported on said roller for rotation in contact therewith, a chain encircling said casing and revolving therewith, a lever, a sprocketcarried by said lever and over which said chain runs, said sprocket and lever being supported iby said chain, and a weight mounted on said ever.

18. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination oftwo rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between them, and a continuous device extending substantially from the inlet to the outlet of the machine and operative to advance the materials being crushed step by step toward the outlet.

19. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination of a rotary casing, a rollermounted in said casing to support the casing and to rotate therewith, means for feeding material to-be crushed into said casing, and means for advancingsaid materials through said casing step by step, whereby a given unit of material will be subjected to repeated crushing actions, said advancing means being adjustable to vary the number of said actions. 20. In a machine for crushing paper maklng materials and the like, the combination of two rotary members mounted ,one inside the other in position to crush material between them, one of said members consisting of a roller and the other of a casing of substantially larger internal diameter than said roller, a bar positioned in said casing lengthwise thereof and arranged to scrape the material off the inner surface of the casing, and means for supporting said bar in a position inclined with. reference to the axis of said casing. 21. In a machine for crushing aper makmg materials andthe like, the com ination of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between them, one of said members consisting of a roller and the other of a casing of substantially larger internal diameter than said roller, a bar positioned in said casing lengthwise thereof and arranged to scrape the material off the inner surface of the casing, and means for supporting said bar for adjustment into different positions of inclination relatively to the axis of said casing.

22. In a machine for crushing paper, making materials and-the like, the combination of two rotaryv members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between them, and means for scraping the material being crushed olf the inner surface of said outer member and advancing said material step by step through the machine.

23. In a machine for c pa er making materials and the like, the com nation of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between them, one of said members consisting of a roller and the other 'of a casin of substantially larger internal diameter t an said roller, and a scraper for removing the material being crushed from said roller and advancing it toward the outlet of the machine.

24. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination of two rotary members mounted one inside the other in position to crush material between them, one of said members consisting of a. rollei` and the other of a casin of substantially larger internal diameter t an said roller, and inclined Scrapers positioned to act on both said roller and casing.

25. In a machine for crushing paper making materials and the like, the combination vof a roller, bearing mechanism supporting said roller for rotation, a casing in which said roller is mounted, said casing being supported on said roller for rotation in contact therewith, means for feeding material to be crushed into one end of said casing, a discharge chute for said material at the opposite end of said casing, and a scraper for removing the material from said casing and guiding it into said chute.

26. In a machine for crushing paper makf ing materials and the like,'the combination ofa roller, bearing mechanism supportn said roller for rotation, a casing in w ich sai roller is mounted, said casing being supported on said roller for rotation in contact therewith, means for feeding material to be crushed into one end of said casing, a discharge chute for said material at the opposite end of said casing, and a scraper located in said casing and extending longitudinally thereof from the inlet substantially to the outlet, said scraper being inclined and arranged to direct the material being crushed toward said chute.

In testimony whereof I name to this specification.

ANTON J. HAUG.

have signed my 

